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The nonsense allele oblivious reveals a sensor of di-acylglycerides acting in conjunction with TLR2 and TLR6

The mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) activate cells of the innate immune system when stimulated by diverse ligands of microbial origin. In some instances, these ligands are directly engaged by the TLRs; however, this is not necessarily true in all cases. TLR2 recognizes multiple, structurally disparate microbial ligands, consistent with a requirement for co-receptors in ligand binding. Using N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, we generated the recessive immunodeficiency phenotype oblivious, in which macrophages show diminished awareness of the S-enantiomer of the di-acylated bacterial lipopeptide MALP-2 and lipoteichoic acid, together with spontaneous ocular colonization by Gram-positive organisms and hypersusceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus infection. Oblivious macrophages readily detect the tri-acylated bacterial lipopeptide PAM3CSK4 as well as zymosan, revealing that some TLR2 ligands are activated via an Oblivious-independent pathway. The gene responsible for the oblivious phenotype has been positionally cloned. In its ability to carry the lipoteichoic acid and MALP-2 signal to the transmembrane signaling receptors TLR2 and TLR6, Oblivious serves a function analogous to CD14, which concentrates the lipopolysacchardide signal for transduction by TLR4. Besides microbial molecules, oblivious also serves as a receptor for endogenous molecules and may mediate (some) of the inflammatory events involved in the development of atherosclerosis.

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Hoebe, K., Tabeta, K., Georgel, P. et al. The nonsense allele oblivious reveals a sensor of di-acylglycerides acting in conjunction with TLR2 and TLR6. Arthritis Res Ther 6 (Suppl 3), 13 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1186/ar1347

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